### QUICK REFERENCE GUIDE # Fine Motor ## Strand A Reach, Grasp, and Release ### GOAL 1 Makes directed batting or swiping movements with each hand **CRITERION:** Child extends one or both hands to make directed movements toward object or person. - **Objective 1.1:** Brings hands together near midline **CRITERION:** Child brings hands together near middle of body at same time. - **Objective 1.2:** Makes directed movements with arms **CRITERION:** Child extends one or both arms to make directed movements toward object or person. **GOAL 2 Grasps pea-size object** **CRITERION:** Child grasps pea-size object with either hand, using tip of index finger and thumb. Pea-size object is not held against palm; hand or arm is not supported; tip of thumb is rotated toward index finger. - **Objective 2.1:** Grasps hand-size object **CRITERION:** Child uses thumb and first two fingers to grasp hand-size object with either hand so that object is held between thumb and fingers and not resting in palm. - **Objective 2.2:** Grasps small cylindrical object **CRITERION:** Child grasps hand-size cylindrical object with either hand by closing fingers around it, with thumb opposing. - **Objective 2.3:** Grasps pea-size object using fingers in raking or scratching movement **CRITERION:** Child grasps pea-size object using some or all fingers in raking or scratching movement. Child’s arm may move or provide support or balance on surface, and small object may be held between fingers and palm. - **Objective 2.4:** Grasps hand-size object using whole hand **CRITERION:** Child holds object in center of palm with fingers closed around it. Child may use either hand. Thumb may or may not be used. **GOAL 3 Stacks objects** **CRITERION:** Child uses either hand to place and release three or more objects balanced on top of one another. - **Objective 3.1:** Releases object into targeted space **CRITERION:** Child uses one or both hands to purposefully place object into space that is obvious target for object. - **Objective 3.2:** Releases object into nondefined space **CRITERION:** Child uses one or both hands to purposefully let go of or drop handheld object. ## Strand B Functional Skill Use ### GOAL 1 Activates object with finger **CRITERION:** Child uses one finger to activate object by pushing, poking, pulling, or dialing. - **Objective 1.1:** Uses finger to point or touch **CRITERION:** Child uses one finger to point at or touch person, picture, or object. - **Objective 1.2:** Uses hand to activate object **CRITERION:** Child uses either hand to directly activate object that produces auditory or visual effect. - **Objective 1.3:** Uses fingers to explore object **CRITERION:** Child uses hands or fingers to examine properties of object or to bring object to mouth for exploration. **GOAL 2 Rotates wrist to manipulate object** **CRITERION:** Child grasps object in either hand and rotates wrist in turning or twisting motion to turn or activate a variety of levers, dials, toys, knobs, or faucets. - **Objective 2.1:** Turns object using either hand **CRITERION:** Child turns wrist and forearm while holding object so that hand is brought from palm-down position to palm-up position, or vice versa. ## FINE MOTOR ### GOAL 3 Manipulates object with two hands, each performing different action **CRITERION:** Child manipulates object using both hands simultaneously, with each hand performing different but coordinated movements. - **CRITERION:** Child manipulates pieces and coordinates different movements of each hand to assemble toy or other objects that require putting two or more pieces together. - **Objective 3.2:** Aligns objects **CRITERION:** Child arranges at least three objects in line. - **Objective 3.3:** Fits variety of shapes into corresponding spaces **CRITERION:** Child fits two or more objects into corresponding spaces (one shape to one space), adjusting position of hands to insert object correctly. - **Objective 3.4:** Holds object with one hand and manipulates object or produces action with other hand **CRITERION:** Child uses one hand to hold and steady object while using other hand to produce action with object. - **Objective 3.5:** Transfers object from hand to hand **CRITERION:** Child passes or moves object from one hand to other hand without dropping. ## Strand C Mechanics of Writing ### GOAL 1 Holds writing tool using three-finger grasp to write or draw **CRITERION:** Child holds writing tool using thumb, middle, and index fingers and writes or draws. - **Objective 1.1:** Writes or draws using mixed strokes **CRITERION:** Child uses writing tool to produce combinations of horizontal, vertical, diagonal, and curved lines to draw - **CRITERION:** Child uses writing tool to produce combinations of horizontal, vertical, diagonal, and curved lines to draw or print. Child may use model. Drawings or print symbols should be recognizable but need not be perfectly formed. - **CRITERION:** Child uses writing tool to produce or copy curved lines and circles. Child may use model. Circles should be recognizable but need not be perfectly formed. - **Objective 1.3:** Writes or draws using straight lines **CRITERION:** Child uses writing tool to produce or copy straight horizontal, vertical, and diagonal strokes. Child may use **CRITERION:** Child uses writing tool to produce or copy straight horizontal, vertical, and diagonal strokes. Child may use model. Strokes should be recognizable as straight lines but need not be perfectly oriented. **CRITERION:** Child holds writing tool using any type of grasp to purposefully make back-and-forth marks on writing surface. ## Strand D Use of Electronic Devices - **Objective 1.4:** Scribbles ### GOAL 1 Uses finger to interact with electronic device **CRITERION:** Child uses finger to interact with electronic device to intentionally produce images or sounds or engage in - **Objective 1.1:** Uses finger to interact with simple electronic game **CRITERION:** Child uses finger to initiate or continue simple game on electronic device. **CRITERION:** Child uses finger to initiate or continue simple game on electronic device. **CRITERION:** Child touches electronic screen with finger to produce effect.