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Using Story Frames to Improve Comprehension, Writing, and Key Skills
Presented by Carolee Dean, M.S., CCC‐SLP, CALT
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Story Frames for Teaching Literacy
Analyzing and creating stories can boost critical literacy skills for all learners—and this comprehensive resource will show teachers and SLPs how. https://bpub.fyi/StoryFrames
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Introduction
- Bachelor’s Degree in Music Therapy
- Speech‐Language Pathologist
- Certified Academic Language Therapist (member of ALTA)
- Previous President of the Southwest Branch of IDA
- Current Representative of the Pacific Region of IDA
- Young Adult Author
Fostering a Growth Mindset: Strengths‐Based Superhero Stories by Amy Miller
Enhancing the Learning Experience: Coherence and Executive Functions by Paula Moraine
Advocating for Students: The Family Story by Mary Jo O’Neill
See upcoming interviews on my Memoir: Writing Our Lives by Lesley Roessing blog at caroleedeanbooks.
The Influence of Culture on Storytelling by Carol Westby
Objectives
- Learn the underlying structure present in almost all stories—and explore how to effectively teach this structure to students to improve comprehension.
- Understand how using the context of a story facilitates vocabulary development.
- Explore how teaching self‐questioning (and other strategies) improves both comprehension and written language.
- Discover activities that will inspire even the most reluctant writers.
Stein & Glenn (1979) Story Grammar includes:
- Setting
- Initiating events
- Internal responses
- Internal plans
- Attempts
- Direct Consequences
- Reactions
Collaborating with Teachers
Noden (1999) Image Grammar: Using Grammatical Structures to Teach Writing Reading Teachers, English Teachers – Freytag’s Pyramid
- Initiating Event
- Internal Responses
- Attempts
- Outcomes
- Resolution
- Reaction
Author of Young Adult Novels
Background
The Writer’s Journey from Vogler, C. (2007). The writer’s journey: Mythic structure for writers (3rd ed.). Studio City, CA: Michael Wiese Productions; reprinted by permission.
The Writer’s Journey
- The Ordinary World
- Refusal of the Call
- Crossing the First Threshold
- The Resurrection
- Return with the Elixir
- Approach to the Innermost Cave
Elements for The Writer’s Journey from Vogler, C. (2007). The writer’s journey: Mythic structure for writers (3rd ed.). Studio City, CA: Michael Wiese Productions; reprinted by permission.
Table I.1. Comparison of Story Frames and The Writer’s Journey:
| Story Frames | The Writer's Journey |
|---|---|
| Ordinary World | The Ordinary World |
| Call and Response | The Call to Adventure, Refusal of the Call |
| Mentors, Guides, and Gifts | Meeting with the Mentor |
| Crossing | Crossing the First Threshold |
| New World | Tests, Allies and Enemies |
| Problems, Prizes, Plans | Approach to the Innermost Cave |
| Midpoint Attempt | The Ordeal |
| Downtime Response | Reward |
| Chase and Escape | The Road Back |
| Death and Transformation | |
| Climax: The Final Test | The Resurrection |
| Final Reward | Return with the Elixir |
Evidence
- Pictography (Ukrainetz, 1998) Effective for improving time concepts, sequencing, content quality, and story structure.
- Macrostructure vs. Microstructure (Gillam et al., 2018) vocabulary, complex sentence structure, causal/temporal words, cohesive ties, clarity.
- The Importance of Text Structure Knowledge (Hennessy, 2021).
- Narrative Writing as a Bridge to Expository Writing (Peterson & Peterson, 2016) Re‐tualizing Expository Language As Narration.
Objective 1
Content Rich Vocabulary Instruction
Wright and Neuman (2015)
- Takes place in the context of what is being taught in the classroom
- Repeated exposures to words and their meanings
- Analyzing word parts
- Utilizing words in a variety of contexts They recommend repeated readings of books that contain the target word as well as reading several books on the subject.
Vocabulary – Picture Noting
Story Frames for Teaching Literacy: Enhancing Student Learning Through the Power of Storytelling, by Carolee Dean. Copyright © 2021 by Paul H. Brookes Publishing Co., Inc. All rights reserved.
Vocabulary – Semantic Webs
Vocabulary & Grammar
- Vocabulary Foldables
- Games Odd One Out
- Word Definitions
- Words in Sentences
- Grammaticality Judgement
Objective 3
Objective 4
Summary Writing
Students working with the Complete Storyboard will use their Plot Pages to write a three-paragraph summary.
From Story Writing to Expository Writing
Figure 7.5. Key Features Worksheet: Narrative nonfiction picture book versus informational text.
Narrative Non‐Fiction Picture Books
Book covers used with the permission of the publisher.