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Structured Literacy Instruction for English Learners
Presented by Elsa Cárdenas-Hagan, Ed.D., CCC-SLP, CDT, CALT, QI
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Literacy Foundations for English Learners
Aligned with IDA's Knowledge and Practice Standards, this book prepares current and future educators to teach English learners the key components of language and literacy, as first described in the National Literacy Panel report. Literacy Foundations for English Learners
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CERTIFICATE OF ATTENDANCE Certificates of attendance are available for all webinar viewers. Attendee’s Name Structu Watched the webinar recording red Literacy Instruction for English Learners Webinar created December 2nd, 2020 Date recording viewed
Agenda
- First and Second Language Components for ELs
- Five Components of Literacy Development for ELs
- Language and Literacy Connections
- Explicit Instruction and Lesson Design
- Next Steps
Language Components
- Phonology
- Pragmatics
- Semantics
- Syntax
- Morphology
National Reading Panel
5 Essential Components
- Phonological Awareness
- Phonics
- Fluency
- Vocabulary
- Comprehension
National Literacy Panel Language Minority Children and Youth
- Developing literacy for L2
- Cross-linguistic relationships
- Socio-cultural contexts
- Instruction and professional development
- Assessment
The Language-Literacy Connection
- Listening and reading comprehension
- Word reading fluency
- Written composition
- Inferencing
- Active and strategic reading
Native Language Acquisition
- 1 year old speaks first words
- 2 year old speaks in 2-word phrases
- 3 year old speaks in 3-word sentences
- 4 year old speaks in 4-word sentences
- 5 year old speaks in 5-word sentences
- 6 year old speaks in 6-word sentences
- 7 year old speaks in 7-word sentences
- 8 year old and older speaks in 8 or 9-word sentences
Second Language Acquisition Stages by Krashen and Terrell (1983)
- Stage 1- Pre-production
- Stage 2- Early Production
- Stage 3- Speech Emergence
- Stage 4- Intermediate Language Proficiency
- Stage 5- Advanced Language Proficiency
Jeanne Chall’s Stages of Reading Development
- Stage 0 - Pre-Reading
- Stage 1 - Decoding
- Stage 2 - Confirmation and Fluency
- Stage 3 - Read to Learn
- Stage 4 – Multiple Viewpoints
- Stage 5 - Construction and Reconstruction (Chall, 1983)
Phonological Awareness
- The ability to process and manipulate the sound structure of oral language
- This skill is linked to successful reading
- It is not necessary for English learners to demonstrate advanced oral language proficiency to achieve phonological awareness skills in English
- It can be helpful during instruction to incorporate cross-linguistic connections (Cárdenas-Hagan et al., 2007)
Students who have strong phonological awareness skills in a native language are likely to have strong phonological awareness skills in a second language (Branum-Martin, Tao, Garnaat, Bunta, & Francis, 2012)
Phonological Awareness Skills
- Rhyming
- Alliteration
- Sentence Segmentation
- Syllable Identification, Deletion, Blending, Segmenting
- Phoneme Awareness
- Phoneme Identification, Deletion, Blending, Segmenting, Substitution
Phonological Awareness Example for ELs
- Today we will practice identifying sounds within words.
- Say the word thumb. What are the sounds? /th/ /u/ /m/
- Look at my thumb. Show me your thumb.
- How do you say thumb in your native language? Say it in English.
Phonics for English Learners
- Phonics is the study of the relationship between letters and sounds in order to read words in alphabetic languages
- In English we have 26 letters and 44 sounds
- Students must learn the 6 syllable types of the English language
- It is important to make cross-linguistic connections
Example lesson:
- Teacher dictates 3 words with common concept. Students repeat and determine the common concept.
- Teacher writes concept on board and discusses the features of the new concept.
- Teacher and students discuss the commonalities and differences of the concept regarding native language and English.
Six Syllable Types
- Open Syllables end in a vowel and the vowel sound is long (A)
- Closed Syllables end in at least 1 consonant and the vowel is short (son)
- Vowel-Consonant and Silent E. The vowel is long and the e is silent (dame)
- Vowel-R syllable has an R after the vowel and the sound is unexpected (origen)
- Vowel Pair Syllable has 2 adjacent vowels (auto)
- Final Stable Syllables are at the end of the word such as –fle and -sion (waffle)
Reading Fluency: Considerations for ELs
- Many ELs will be able to learn the code and read with accuracy. They may, however, not understand what they are reading in the new language.
- Do not assume that their reading fluency will improve their comprehension. They will need extra work on phrasing, expression, vocabulary, and oral language.
- Reading fluency and comprehension is moderated by oral language proficiency of ELs (Crosson & Lesaux, 2010)
Vocabulary Instruction for ELs
- Build vocabulary knowledge by combining new information with what the learner already knows to produce higher cognitive learning
- Integrate multiple opportunities for use and make connections to concepts and lived experiences
- Integrate intentional opportunities for adult-child interaction around new vocabulary during content learning
Comprehension Instruction for ELs
- Ensure English learners can read words accurately
- Build oral language and background knowledge while making connections to native language and their lived experiences
- Use students’ native language to preview new concepts prior to lesson in English
- Provide explicit instruction of multistep reading strategies for ELs
- Teach text structures
- Teach metacognitive strategies to monitor comprehension
Written Language Instruction for ELs
- Be aware of unique spelling patterns of ELs related to native language
- Teach and integrate grammar knowledge with native language structures
- Work on expanding students’ sentence structures
- Use graphic organizers to facilitate paragraph structure knowledge
Adding detail to sentences:
- I see a man walking.
- I see a tall, slender man walking.
- I see a tall, slender man walking his dog in the park.
- I see a tall, slender man walking his dog in the park for exercise.
Technology for English Learners
- Understand the purpose of technology
- How can you implement something from this session in the next week?
- Set a calendar reminder to review your progress
- Share your experience with your colleagues
- Make a Goal
Questions?
What did you think?
At the end of the webinar, you’ll be prompted to complete a short survey. Let us know what you thought, and you could win a free book!