The Capute Scales Excerpt
The Capute Scales
Cognitive Adaptive Test/ Clinical Linguistic & Auditory Milestone Scale
(CAT/CLAMS)
by
Pasquale J. Accardo, M.D.
Virginia Commonwealth University Richmond, Virginia
and
Arnold J. Capute, M.D., M.P.H.
The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine Baltimore, Maryland
with invited contributors
Excerpted from The Capute Scales: Cognitive Adaptive Test and Clinical Linguistic & Auditory Milestone Scale (CAT/CLAMS) by Pasquale Accardo, M.D., & Arnold Capute, M.D., M.P.H.
Contents
- Development of the Capute Scales
- Administration and Scoring of the Capute Scales
- The Clinical Use of the Capute Scales
- The Capute Scales in Research
- Standardization of the Capute Scales
Appendix A: The Capute Scales in Spanish: Pilot Study for Use Among Hispanic Children During Well-Child Care
Appendix B: The Capute Scales in Russia.
Appendix C: Sample Capute Scales Scoring Sheets
Glossary
Index
About the Authors
Pasquale J. Accardo, M.D.
Pasquale J. Accardo, M.D., is a native of Brooklyn, New York. He completed medical school at the State University of New York Downstate Medical Center and his pediatric residency at Riley Children’s Hospital, Indianapolis, Indiana. His developmental pediatrics fellowship was under Dr. Capute at the John F. Kennedy Institute (now Kennedy Krieger Institute) at The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine in Baltimore, Maryland. He is currently the James H. Franklin Professor of Developmental Research in Pediatrics at Virginia Commonwealth University, Medical College of Virginia campus, and Developmental Pediatrician at Children’s Hospital in Richmond, Virginia.
Arnold J. Capute, M.D., M.P.H.
Arnold J. Capute, M.D., M.P.H., was a native of Queens, New York, who earned his medical degree from Hahnemann Medical College in Philadelphia and completed his pediatric residency at New York Medical College. After 15 years in private pediatric practice, Dr. Capute returned to The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine. He founded both the Kennedy Fellows Association and the Society for Developmental Pediatrics. Until his death in 2003, he held the Arnold J. Capute Chair in Developmental Pediatrics at The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine.
Preface
Dr. Arnold J. Capute developed the CAT/CLAMS in the 1970s. The CAT (Cognitive Adaptive Test) is a measure of nonverbal problem-solving ability in children from birth to 3 years of age for use by the primary care pediatrician in the office setting. The CLAMS (Clinical Linguistic & Auditory Milestone Scale) is a quantitative measure of expressive and receptive language skills in children from birth to 3 years of age.
Development of the Capute Scales
The Capute Scales are designed to assess the cognitive (language and visual-motor) streams of development in children with a cognitive age of 36 months or younger. The assessment batteries are intended for use in any setting where the expeditious evaluation of cognitive levels of young children is required.
Early Intervention and the Need for Early Diagnosis
In 1986, Congress passed PL 99-457, which provided incentives for establishing early intervention programs to children with developmental delays who are younger than 3 years of age. The purpose of early diagnosis is to define the disorder causing concerns about development, to investigate the etiology of the disorder, and to direct intervention services and follow-up needs.
Developmental Principles
Developmental delay is defined as a slower rate of milestone acquisition than is normally expected. Gesell’s observations of normal milestone acquisition provide the necessary components of most standardized developmental assessment tools.
Clinical Application of the Capute Scales
The CLAMS measures both receptive and expressive language milestones. The DQ is one means by which the CAT and CLAMS are scored. The Capute Scales have proven to be a practical tool for use in the primary care setting and are useful in differentiating communicative disorders from mental retardation as a cause of language delay.