## Language-focused learning activities

Read the excerpt from Academic Vocabulary for Middle School Students and view a sample language-focused learning activity. This activity explains and utilizes the Frayer Model to assist students in learning the spelling, grammatical, and morphological features of academic words in addition to their meanings. [Read More](/content/resource-library/language-focused-learning-activities/index.html)

## Literacy for students with significant disabilities

In this chapter excerpt, get answers to common questions about literacy instruction for students with severe disabilities, like "My student's cognition is so low--where do I begin?" and "How can I teach my student to read when he can't even hold a pencil?" [Read More](/content/resource-library/literacy-for-students-with-significant-disabilities/index.html)

## Components of Effective Instruction for Reading

Excerpted from Effective Instruction for Middle School Students with Reading Difficulties, this chapter lays out the most important practices that educators should use in order to reach the struggling readers of their classroom. [Read More](/content/resource-library/components-of-effective-instruction-for-reading/index.html)

## Delivering effective instruction

Read the excerpt and discover seven important elements of effective instruction for students with reading difficulties. Topics discussed in this excerpt are as follows: explicit instruction, targeted instruction, time on task, quick pacing of lessons, positive feedback, corrective feedback, and student motivation. [Read More](/content/resource-library/delivering-effective-instruction/index.html)

## Functional MRI (fMRI) of phonological, orthographic, and morphological word forms

This figure shows a functional MRI (fMRI) of phonological, orthographic, and morphological word forms. Each column contains the fMRI overlay onto structural MRI at the same two anatomical axial sections of the brain. [Read More](/content/resource-library/functional-mri-fmri-of-phonological-orthographic-and-morphological-word-forms/index.html)

## Becoming an effective literacy teacher

Read the excerpt for an overview of the expectations and responsibilities of a tutor, three critical considerations for effective and efficient instruction, how to work with parents, and descriptions of Common Core State Standards and multi-tiered systems of support. [Read More](/content/resource-library/becoming-an-effective-literacy-teacher/index.html)

## Ebooklet: The Voice of Evidence in Reading Research

This ebooklet contains an abridged version of Chapter 11 (Critiques of the National Reading Panel Report) of The Voice of Evidence in Reading Research as well as background information on the National Reading Panel. [Read More](/content/resource-library/ebooklet-the-voice-of-evidence-in-reading-research/index.html)

## An overview of reading intervention research

Read the excerpt for perspectives on past findings, present questions, and future needs regarding reading intervention research. [Read More](/content/resource-library/an-overview-of-reading-intervention-research/index.html)

## Follow-up questions from Dr. Paula Kluth’s webinar on reading comprehension

Learn more as Dr. Paula Kluth answers follow-up questions from the webinar on “He Reads but He Doesn’t Understand”: Supporting the Reading Comprehension of Students with Autism. [Read More](/content/resource-library/follow-up-questions-from-dr-paula-kluths-webinar-on-reading-comprehension/index.html)

## The Fundamentals of Academic Vocabulary Essential Concepts for Middle School Students and Their Teachers

In this article from IDA's Perspectives on Language and Literacy, Jennifer Wells Greene, Ph.D., author of Academic Vocabulary for Middle School Students, describes the vocabulary needs of middle school students, with a focus on academic vocabulary. [Read More](/content/resource-library/the-fundamentals-of-academic-vocabulary-essential-concepts-for-middle-school-students-and-their-teachers/index.html)